RESUMO
Introduction: The treatment of COVID-19 is still challenge. So convalescent plasma can be an important alternative of treatment. Protocols with nursing care during infusion is very important to guide an effective and safety care. Objective: to analyze the evidence in the literature on the action of convalescent plasma, of the use of protocols with nursing care to use convalescent plasma and build a nursing care protocol for transfusion in patients with COVID-19. Methods: Methodological study carried out in two stages: scoping review. The search was done using the descriptors: convalescent plasma transfusion, convalescent plasma, and acute respiratory syndromes or COVID-19, to found protocols and effectiveness of convalescent plasm. Beside was done a specialist panel to build the protocol. Results: Low-evidence studies have shown improvement in the clinical signs of COVID-19 using Convalescent Plasma, reduction or elimination of viral load, benefits in the production of lymphocytes, decreases C-reactive protein, increases titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, positive evolution in lung involvement identified by X-rays, decrease in hospitalization. No studies were found in the databases on the protocol for clinical nursing care in plasma transfusion. Therefore, a protocol was developed with the description of clinical nursing care to be performed before, during and after the transfusion by plasma: checking of vital signs and indicative signs of transfusion reaction, measurement of oxygen saturation, assessment of venous access and checking of the level of consciousness. Conclusion: There are no evidence studies to support the use of plasma, nor anything related to bundles.
RESUMO
Objetivo: conhecer a relação entre os transtornos da pele e a alteração do autoconceito nas pessoas com afecção cutânea. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura a partir dos descritores: lesões, dermatologia e autoimagem. A busca se fez nas bases Lilacs, SciELO e PubMed, em artigos publicados entre 2000 e 2012. Resultados: a revisão integrativa mostrou os principais efeitos psicológicos causados pelas doenças da pele e confirmou que os fatores psicossociais relacionados com a autoimagem e a autoestima afetam a vida das pessoas. Conclusão: os transtornos da pele podem levar o indivíduo a buscar estratégias que vão desde o isolamento do corpo e o isolamento social, a negação da doença até o uso de maquiagem de camuflagem, como aparecem nas publicações. A escassez de estudos publicados que mostrem as estratégias a adotar pelos enfermeiros para lidar com os efeitos psicológicos causados pela doença cutânea evidenciam a necessidade de se pesquisar sobre o tema.
Objetivo: conocer la relación entre los trastornos de la piel y la alteración del autoconcepto en las personas con afección cutánea. Método: revisión integradora de la literatura desde los descriptores: lesiones, dermatología, y autoimagen. La búsqueda se hizo en las bases Lilacs, SciELO y PubMed, en artículos publicados entre el año 2000 y 2012. Resultados: La revisión integradora mostró los principales efectos psicológicos causados por las enfermedades de la piel y confirmó que los factores psicosociales relacionados con la autoimagen y la autoestima afectan la vida de las personas. Conclusión: los trastornos de la piel pueden llevar al individuo a buscar estrategias que van desde el aislamiento del cuerpo y el aislamiento social, la negación de la enfermedad y hasta el uso de maquillaje de camuflaje, como muestran las publicaciones. La escasez de estudios publicados que muestran las estrategias a adoptar por los enfermeros para lidiar con los efectos psicológicos causados por la enfermedad cutánea evidencia la necesidad de investigar sobre el tema.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between skin disorders and alteration of self-image in persons who suffer from skin problems. Method: An integrative literature review was done on the basis of three descriptors: lesions, dermatology, and self-image. The search centered on the Lilacs, SciELO and PubMed databases, among articles published between 2000 and 2012. Findings: The integrative review showed the major psychological effects caused by skin disorders and confirmed that psycho-social factors related to self-image and self-esteem impact a person's life. Conclusion: Skin disorders can prompt a person to resort to a variety of strategies ranging from physical seclusion and social isolation to denial of the aliment and even the use of camouflage makeup, as shown in publications. The scarcity of published studies showing the strategies adopted by nurses to deal with the psychological effects of skin disease demonstrate the need for research on the topic.
